Journal: JBMR Plus

Article Title: Geranylgeranyl diphosphate synthase inhibition impairs osteoclast differentiation, morphology, and resorptive activity

doi: 10.1093/jbmrpl/ziae133

Figure Lengend Snippet: RAM2061 does not significantly impact normal bone remodeling in CD-1 mice. (A) Schematic representation of drug administration/dosing and downstream readouts conducted. Abbreviations: procollagen type 1 N-propeptide (P1NP); C-terminal telopeptide (CTX), tartrate resistant acid phosphatase 5b (TRAP5b). (B) Immunoblot analysis of unmodified Rap1a and GAPDH (loading control) using 30 μL of bone homogenate from long bones of mice; positive control = cell lysate from RAW264.7 osteoclasts (D5) treated with 400 nM RAM2061 for 48 h). (C) Quantification of RAM2061 accumulation in long bones and mandibles of CD-1 mice ( n = 5 per group, data are represented as mean ± SD). (D) MicroCT analysis portraying morphometric analysis of the proximal tibia specimens. Individual data points are shown with mean ± SD (PBS n = 5; RAM2061 n = 5; zoledronic acid (ZA) n = 4; * denotes p <.05, ** denotes p <.01 per t-test). (E) The growth plate in the distal femur of tartrate resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP)-stained sections were identified and 1000 μm from the most distal area was used to encapsulate the area of interest. Quantification of osteoclast numbers in the defined area per femur was performed. Individual data points are shown with mean ± SD (PBS n = 5; RAM2061 n = 4; ZA n = 4, * denotes p<.05, *** denotes p <.001 per t-test). (F) Representative images of TRAP-stained sections of distal femurs (scale bar = 50 μm). The arrows indicate TRAP+ osteoclasts (Tb = trabecular bone, BM = bone marrow).

Article Snippet: Commercial ELISA kits (Novus Biologics) were utilized for measuring plasma levels of TRAP5b (NBP2-76463), c-terminal telopeptide (CTX) (NBP2-82400), and procollagen type I N-propeptide (P1NP) (NBP2-76466).

Techniques: Western Blot, Control, Positive Control, Staining

Journal: EMBO Reports

Article Title: Glutaminolysis provides nucleotides and amino acids to regulate osteoclast differentiation in mice

doi: 10.1038/s44319-024-00255-x

Figure Lengend Snippet: Reagents and tools table

Article Snippet: Mouse TRAP5b ELISA Kit , Immunodiagnostic Systems , Cat# SB-TR103.

Techniques: Recombinant, Plasmid Preparation, Sequencing, SYBR Green Assay, Protease Inhibitor, Red Blood Cell Lysis, cDNA Synthesis, Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay, Software